Jury Service Nondiscrimination
*NOTES:
–The U.S. Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals issued a 2014 ruling prohibiting jury service discrimination based on sexual orientation only.
–Arizona’s Supreme Court prohibits all peremptory strikes (removing potential jurors without giving a reason why) in an effort to reduce bias.
–Massachusetts’s Supreme Court prohibits discrimination in jury service based on sexual orientation, but the ruling’s logic could also be applied to discrimination based on gender identity. Because the ruling did not specifically and explicitly prohibit discrimination based on gender identity, this map shows only the application to sexual orientation.
See The LGBTQ+ Bar Association
for more on the importance of jury access and the process of jury selection.
Recommended citation:
Movement Advancement Project. “Equality Maps: Jury Service Nondiscrimination.” https://mapresearch.org/equality_maps/jury_nondiscrimination. Accessed June 12, 2026.
Percent of Adult LGBTQ Population Covered by Laws
*Note: These percentages reflect estimates of the LGBTQ adult population living in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Estimates of the LGBTQ adult population in the five inhabited U.S. territories are not available, and so cannot be reflected here.
key
Law covers sexual orientation and gender identity/expression
Law covers sexual orientation
Law covers gender identity/expression
| State | Jury Nondiscrimination | Year Passed |
|---|---|---|
| Alabama |
|
|
| Alaska |
Law covers sexual orientation
|
2014 (court case)
|
| American Samoa |
|
|
| Arizona |
Law covers sexual orientation
|
2014 (court case)
|
| Arkansas |
|
|
| California |
Law covers sexual orientation and gender identity/expression
|
2000 (SO); 2015 (GI)
|
| Colorado |
Law covers sexual orientation and gender identity/expression
|
2008
|
| Connecticut |
|
|
| Delaware |
|
|
| District of Columbia |
|
|
| Florida |
|
|
| Georgia |
|
|
| Guam |
Law covers sexual orientation
|
2014 (court case)
|
| Hawaii |
Law covers sexual orientation and gender identity/expression
|
2014 (court case); 2022
|
| Idaho |
Law covers sexual orientation
|
2014 (court case)
|
| Illinois |
Law covers sexual orientation and gender identity/expression
|
2019
|
| Indiana |
|
|
| Iowa |
|
|
| Kansas |
|
|
| Kentucky |
|
|
| Louisiana |
|
|
| Maine |
Law covers sexual orientation and gender identity/expression
|
2017
|
| Maryland |
Law covers sexual orientation and gender identity/expression
|
2024
|
| Massachusetts |
Law covers sexual orientation
|
2021 (court case)
|
| Michigan |
|
|
| Minnesota |
Law covers sexual orientation and gender identity/expression
|
2013
|
| Mississippi |
|
|
| Missouri |
|
|
| Montana |
Law covers sexual orientation
|
2014 (court case)
|
| Nebraska |
|
|
| Nevada |
Law covers sexual orientation
|
2014 (court case)
|
| New Hampshire |
Law covers gender identity/expression
|
2019
|
| New Jersey |
|
|
| New Mexico |
|
|
| New York |
Law covers sexual orientation and gender identity/expression
|
2002 (SO); 2019 (GI)
|
| North Carolina |
|
|
| North Dakota |
|
|
| Northern Mariana Islands |
Law covers sexual orientation
|
2014 (court case)
|
| Ohio |
|
|
| Oklahoma |
|
|
| Oregon |
Law covers sexual orientation and gender identity/expression
|
2007
|
| Pennsylvania |
|
|
| Puerto Rico |
|
|
| Rhode Island |
|
|
| South Carolina |
|
|
| South Dakota |
|
|
| Tennessee |
|
|
| Texas |
|
|
| U.S. Virgin Islands |
|
|
| Utah |
|
|
| Vermont |
|
|
| Virginia |
|
|
| Washington |
Law covers sexual orientation and gender identity/expression
|
2018
|
| West Virginia |
|
|
| Wisconsin |
Law covers sexual orientation
|
1996
|
| Wyoming |
|
|
